Monday 26 January 2015

25 Terrifying Prehistoric Creatures That Roamed The Earth. You'll Be Glad They Aren't Around Anymore

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The world is cluttered with so many different creatures — some cute, some scary and some just plainly bizarre. However, the animals of today have nothing on the creatures that lived on prehistoric times.
From miniature bird looking rodents to the behemoths beneath the waves, these are the 25 strangest prehistoric creatures to roam the Earth.

25. Archaeopteryx
The Greek name for a little bird, also translated as “early wing” or “ȉrst bird,” it supposedly existed during the Jurassic Period. A fossilized feather was discovered in 1861 in Solnhofen, Germany, where highquality lime deposits were mined for over a century.
24. DeinocheirusThis dinosaur is a bit of any enigma for paleontologists as the only known evidence for its existence are a handful of fossil remains, including two forelimbs and some bits of vertebrae. The fossilized remains were found on July 9, 1965 in Mongolia and were given the name Deinocheirus or “terrible hands.”
23. Deinotherium Also called a “hoe tusker” or “terrible beast,” the remains of these prehistoric mammals that resemble modern-day elephants were discovered at major hominid excavation sites at Lake Turkana in Kenya.
22. Dimorphodon Its name means “two-form tooth” which is the result of having two distinct types of teeth in its jaw. These creatures supposedly had great eyesight and formidable claws to hunt ȉsh, squid or lizards.
21. DunkleosteusAlso called “Dunkle’s Bone,” this was one of the largest armored jaw ȉshes to have ever roamed the Earth. Considered one of the ȉercest predators in the ocean it could measure up to 10 meters and weighed 3.6 tons.
20. ElasmosaurElasmosaur, which means “thin plate,” could have been around 30 feet in height and 46 feet in length. Most of its length was in its neck, which was roughly 25 feet long, or 4 times larger than the neck of a giraffe. When it was ȉrst reconstructed, scientists made the mistake of putting its head on the wrong end due to its funny shape.
19. EpidendrosaurusThough Archaopteryx was credited as the “ȉrst bird,” Epidendrosaurus or “lizard of the tree” was the ȉrst reptile to be closer to a bird than a dinosaur. It was about six inches long and used its long arms and clawed hands to pry on insects from tree bark.
18. EpidexipteryxA small-feathered dinosaur that existed once in the Inner Mongolia region of China, Epidexipteryx or “display feather” is the earliest known representation of ornamental feathers in the fossil record.
17. HallucigeniaA relative of modern arthropods, Hallucigenia is one of the strangest creatures in the fossil record. Less than 3 millimeters long, it has a bulbous round head connected to its cylindrical trunk. Though it was previously thought that it stood on its spines, it was later discovered that the tentacles are actually feet, making the Hallucigenia the ancestor of today’s velvet worms.
16. HelicoprionAlso known as “spiral saw,” this shark-like cartilaginous ȉsh ȉrst arose in the oceans of the late Carboniferous era. However, the only surviving evidence of its existence was a tight curled-up coil of triangular teeth. This bizarre structure was attached to the bottom part of its jaw, though how it was used still remains a mystery today. Some speculations are that it was used to grind shells, while others believed that the coil could be unfurled like a whip to spear unfortunate prey.
15. JaekelopterusThis extinct species of sea scorpions had an estimated length of 2.5 meters, one of the largest arthropods ever discovered. Although it was dubbed a “sea scorpion,” it supposedly lived in the freshwater rivers and lakes of present day Germany.
14. JosephoartigasiaRelated to the modern pacarana and very closely resembling a capybara, these creatures were the biggest rodents on the planet weighing up to 1000kg.
13. LiopleurodonAlso known as “smooth-sided tooth,” this marine predator lived on a diet of ȉsh, squid, and other sea reptiles. Bigger than a sperm whale, its skull was 16 ft or nearly 1/4 of its body.
12. LongisquamaKnown as the ȉrst archosaur to have been able to glide or parachute, its famous for the elongated pair of scales along its back, with the anterior ones resembling feathers.
11. MegalaniaSometimes called the giant ripper lizard, Megalania fed on a diet of mammals, snakes, other reptiles, and birds. The nearest modern day relative is the Komodo dragon that inhabits the Flores Islands in Indonesia.
10. MicroraptorMicroraptor or “one who seizes” was a very small dinosaur and paleontologists have long debated the use of its four wings – whether they were for parachuting from trees or taking off from the ground.
9. NyctosaurusAn ancient genus of the Pterosaur, its fossils were found in the midwestern sections of the US covered under the shallow water of the sea. The name, which means ‘naked reptile,’ was given by Othniel Marsh in 1876.
8. OpabiniaConsidered one of the strangest creatures to have ever lived, it had 30 legs, 30 Ȋippers, a nose like an elephant’s trunk, and a lobster-like claw.
7. Phorusrhacidae
Colloquially known as “terror bird,” this was the largest Ȋightless predatory bird to have ever lived. It fed on small rodents and mammals and could supposedly run at speeds of up to 40 mph.
6. PterodaustroAlso known as Pterosaurs, it had a wingspan of 4 feet and may have weighed between 5 to 10 lbs. Its long, curved beak with numerous bristle-like teeth allowed it to feed on a diet of plankton and small crustaceans.
5. QuetzalcoatlusThe biggest pterosaur to ever take to the skies, it supposedly did not have any feathers. Though it had a wing span that exceeded 30 feet, it took off using both its hind and front legs and Ȋew without Ȋapping its wings.
4. SharovipteryxeGreek for “Sharov’s wings,” this gliding reptile that inhabited the woodlands of Central Asia was about one foot long and mostly fed on insects. Not capable of powered Ȋight, it would merely glide from tree to tree something like a Ȋying squirrel.
3. StethacanthusAn extinct genus of prehistoric sharks, Stethacanthus or ‘chest spike,” was about 6 feet long with a strange looking back growth on males. This small protrusion or ‘ironing board,’ could have been used to frighten larger predators.
2. TanystropheusThe Greek word for “long necked one,” this prehistoric reptile was easily over 20 feet long, with a narrow neck that could extend out for up to half its length.
1. TherizinosauridaeThe “reaper lizards” may have roamed Mongolia, China, and the United States and due to their long neck, pot belly, four-toed feet, and beaky mouth, scientists at ȉrst thought they may be not one but several creatures.

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